perf: optimize image loading — resize, thumbnails, caching, lazy load

- Server: resize uploads to max 1200px + generate 600px _thumb.jpg
- Server: cache /uploads with max-age=1y immutable headers
- Client: CatCard uses _thumb.jpg in feed (fallback to full on error)
- Client: first 3 feed cards load eagerly (LCP), rest lazy + decoding=async
- Client: loading placeholder bg while image fetches
- Migration: server/src/scripts/gen-thumbs.ts for existing images

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

client/src/components/CatCard.tsx

@@ -11,12 +11,18 @@ interface CatCardProps {
   cat: Cat;
   onOpen: (id: number) => void;
   likedIds?: Set<number>;
+  priority?: boolean;
 }
 
-export default function CatCard({ cat, onOpen, likedIds }: CatCardProps) {
+export default function CatCard({ cat, onOpen, likedIds, priority }: CatCardProps) {
   const { user } = useAuth();
   const [liked, setLiked] = useState(() => likedIds?.has(cat.id) ?? false);
   const [likeCount, setLikeCount] = useState(cat.likes_count);
+  const [imgLoaded, setImgLoaded] = useState(false);
+
+  const thumbSrc = cat.image_url.endsWith('.gif')
+    ? cat.image_url
+    : cat.image_url.replace(/\.jpg$/, '_thumb.jpg');
   const { toast } = useToast();
   const likeMutation = useLikeCat(cat.id);
   const unlikeMutation = useUnlikeCat(cat.id);
@@ -75,13 +81,16 @@ export default function CatCard({ cat, onOpen, likedIds }: CatCardProps) {
         </div>
 
         {/* Изображение */}
-        <figure className="cat-card-image">
+        <figure className="cat-card-image relative min-h-[200px] bg-[var(--border-light)]">
           <img
-            src={cat.image_url}
+            src={thumbSrc}
             alt={cat.caption || 'Фото кота'}
-            className="w-full max-h-[540px] object-contain select-none mx-auto cat-card-img"
+            className={`w-full max-h-[540px] object-contain select-none mx-auto cat-card-img transition-opacity duration-300 ${imgLoaded ? 'opacity-100' : 'opacity-0'}`}
             draggable={false}
-            loading="lazy"
+            loading={priority ? 'eager' : 'lazy'}
+            decoding="async"
+            onLoad={() => setImgLoaded(true)}
+            onError={e => { e.currentTarget.src = cat.image_url; }}
           />
         </figure>
 

client/src/pages/FeedPage.tsx

@@ -103,8 +103,8 @@ export default function FeedPage() {
           {allCats.length > 0 && (
             <>
               <div className="space-y-5">
-                {allCats.map((cat) => (
+                {allCats.map((cat, index) => (
-                  <CatCard key={cat.id} cat={cat} onOpen={setModalCatId} likedIds={likedIds} />
+                  <CatCard key={cat.id} cat={cat} onOpen={setModalCatId} likedIds={likedIds} priority={index < 3} />
                 ))}
               </div>
 

server/src/index.ts

@@ -60,7 +60,10 @@ async function main() {
     return uploadLimiter(req, _res, next);
   });
 
-  app.use('/uploads', express.static(path.join(__dirname, '..', 'uploads')));
+  app.use('/uploads', express.static(path.join(__dirname, '..', 'uploads'), {
+    maxAge: '365d',
+    immutable: true,
+  }));
 
   app.use('/api/auth', authRoutes);
   app.use('/api/cats', catRoutes);

server/src/routes/cats.ts

@@ -127,8 +127,17 @@ router.post('/', authMiddleware, upload.single('image'), async (req: AuthRequest
     finalFilename = req.file.filename.replace(/\.[^.]+$/, '.jpg');
     finalPath = path.join(uploadsDir, finalFilename);
     try {
-      await sharp(origPath).jpeg({ quality: 85 }).toFile(finalPath);
+      await sharp(origPath)
+        .resize({ width: 1200, withoutEnlargement: true })
+        .jpeg({ quality: 85 })
+        .toFile(finalPath);
       if (origPath !== finalPath) fs.unlinkSync(origPath);
+
+      const thumbFilename = finalFilename.replace(/\.jpg$/, '_thumb.jpg');
+      await sharp(finalPath)
+        .resize({ width: 600, withoutEnlargement: true })
+        .jpeg({ quality: 80 })
+        .toFile(path.join(uploadsDir, thumbFilename));
     } catch {
       try { fs.unlinkSync(origPath); } catch {}
       res.status(400).json({ error: 'Не удалось обработать изображение. Попробуйте другой формат.' });

server/src/scripts/gen-thumbs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import fs from 'fs';
+import path from 'path';
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'url';
+import sharp from 'sharp';
+
+const __dirname = path.dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url));
+const uploadsDir = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'uploads');
+
+async function main() {
+  const files = fs.readdirSync(uploadsDir);
+  const candidates = files.filter(
+    f => f.endsWith('.jpg') && !f.endsWith('_thumb.jpg')
+  );
+
+  console.log(`Found ${candidates.length} images to process`);
+  let created = 0;
+  let skipped = 0;
+
+  for (const filename of candidates) {
+    const thumbFilename = filename.replace(/\.jpg$/, '_thumb.jpg');
+    const thumbPath = path.join(uploadsDir, thumbFilename);
+
+    if (fs.existsSync(thumbPath)) {
+      skipped++;
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    try {
+      await sharp(path.join(uploadsDir, filename))
+        .resize({ width: 600, withoutEnlargement: true })
+        .jpeg({ quality: 80 })
+        .toFile(thumbPath);
+      created++;
+      console.log(`  ✓ ${thumbFilename}`);
+    } catch (err) {
+      console.error(`  ✗ ${filename}: ${err}`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  console.log(`\nDone: ${created} created, ${skipped} already existed`);
+}
+
+main().catch(console.error);